I. High-temperature, high-pressure and impact tests
Test overview
In the quality inspection system of LED lighting fixtures, the high-temperature, high-pressure and their impact tests are a crucial part. This test aims to simulate the performance of lighting fixtures in a harsh environment of extreme high temperature and high voltage, so as to ensure that they can still work stably and reliably when encountering similar situations in actual use.
Test objects and standards
This test is targeted at finished lighting fixtures containing LED drivers. It is carried out with reference to the experience - based standards accumulated over a long period in the industry. These experiences are the crystallization of numerous practices and studies and can effectively reflect the performance requirements of lighting fixtures under specific conditions.
Test method
1. Environmental preparation: Carefully select a room and precisely control the environmental temperature at 60°C. This high-temperature environment simulates the hot usage scenarios that the lamps may encounter, such as in enclosed spaces or high-temperature regions. Place 5 LED lamps to be tested in it and let them fully adapt to this high-temperature environment.
2. Voltage adjustment: Use a professional voltage regulator to precisely adjust the input voltage of the LED lighting fixtures to 1.1 times the maximum rated input voltage. This is done to test the tolerance of the lighting fixtures under a voltage slightly higher than the normal voltage, as there may be small fluctuations in the voltage during actual power consumption.
3. Lighting test: Connect the power supply and let the lamp stay lit continuously for 24 hours. During this long 24 - hour period, assign a dedicated person to closely observe the status of the lamp, carefully check for signs of damage, such as a broken bulb or a burned - out circuit. At the same time, pay attention to whether the materials are deformed due to heat, such as abnormal phenomena like a softened lampshade or a distorted shell.
4. Impact test: After the lighting test is completed, use a relay to control the lamp to conduct an impact test in this high-temperature and high-pressure environment. The test is set to turn on the lamp for 20 seconds and turn it off for 20 seconds, repeating this cycle 100 times. This intermittent lighting and extinguishing simulates the frequent switching situations that the lamp may encounter in actual use and detects its stability under such impacts.
Test requirements
1. After the high-temperature and high-pressure test: The appearance of the lamp should remain intact, and there should be no phenomenon of paint peeling on the surface. Paint peeling not only affects the aesthetics but may also reduce the protection performance of the lamp. There should be no discoloration. Discoloration may indicate that a chemical reaction has occurred in the material, which affects the performance of the lamp. There should be no cracking. Cracking will damage the structural integrity of the lamp. The material should not be deformed either. Deformation may cause the internal wiring connections of the lamp to become loose, leading to potential safety hazards.
2. After the impact test: In terms of electrical performance, the lamp should not have electrical leakage, as electrical leakage can pose a serious threat to the safety of users. Also, the lamp should not fail to light up, which indicates that there may be a fault in the lamp's circuit and it cannot work properly.
II. Low-temperature and low-pressure and their impact tests
Test overview
Low temperature, low voltage, and their impact tests are also crucial test items for ensuring the quality of LED lighting fixtures. They simulate the working conditions of the lighting fixtures in a cold environment with low voltage to evaluate their performance and stability under extreme low temperature and low voltage conditions.
Test objects and standards
The test objects are still finished lighting fixtures containing LED drivers, and the test is carried out in accordance with industry experience standards. The industry experience standards provide a scientific and reasonable basis for the test, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results.
Test method
1. Environmental setup: Control the temperature of the test environment at -15°C to simulate the usage scenario of lamps in cold regions or low-temperature environments. Place 5 LED lamps in this low-temperature environment to allow them to adapt to the low-temperature conditions.
2. Voltage adjustment: Use a voltage regulator to adjust the input voltage of the LED lighting fixtures to 0.9 times the minimum rated input voltage. A low-voltage environment may occur when the power supply is unstable or in the case of long-distance power transmission. Test the working ability of the lighting fixtures under such a low voltage.
3. Lighting test: Connect the power supply and let the lamp stay lit continuously for 24 hours. During these 24 hours, carefully observe whether the lamp is damaged and whether there are any abnormalities in the materials due to low temperature, such as the materials becoming brittle and the components shrinking.
4. Impact test: After the lighting test is completed, use a relay to control the lamp to conduct an impact test in a low-temperature and low-voltage environment. The test is set to turn on the lamp for 20 seconds and turn it off for 20 seconds, cycling 100 times to detect the stability of the lamp under low-temperature and low-voltage impact.
Test requirements
1. After the low-temperature and low-pressure test: The appearance of the lamp should remain in good condition, without phenomena such as surface paint peeling, discoloration, cracking, and material deformation. Low temperature may cause changes in the physical properties of the material, and the occurrence of these abnormal phenomena may affect the normal use of the lamp.
2. After the impact test: In terms of electrical performance, the lamp shall not experience electric leakage or fail to light up, ensuring that it can still work normally under low-temperature and low-voltage impacts.
III. Impact test at normal temperature and pressure
Test Overview
The normal temperature and pressure impact test mainly focuses on the impact of frequent switching on the performance of LED lighting fixtures in their daily use environment. By simulating a large number of switching cycles, the electrical stability and reliability of the lighting fixtures are detected.
Test objects and standards
The test objects are finished lighting fixtures containing LED drivers, and the tests are carried out with reference to industry experience standards. Industry experience can provide standard requirements that conform to actual usage conditions for the tests.
Test method
1. Environmental preparation: Control the temperature of the test environment at 25°C, which is an environment close to the daily room temperature, simulating the usage situation of the lamps in a normal indoor environment. Place 5 types of LED lamps in this environment.
2. Lighting operation: Connect the power supply according to the rated input voltage of the LED lamp to make the lamp light up normally.
3. Impact test: Use a relay to control the lamp for an impact test under normal temperature and pressure. The test is set to turn on the lamp for 30 seconds and turn it off for 30 seconds, with a total of 10,000 cycles. A large number of switching cycles simulate the frequent switching situations that the lamp may encounter during long-term use.
Test requirements
After the impact test at normal temperature and pressure, the lamp should not experience electric leakage or fail to light up in terms of electrical performance. Electric leakage can endanger the safety of users, and the failure to light up indicates that there is a fault in the lamp's circuit or light source, preventing it from working properly.
IV. Temperature cycle test
Test overview
The temperature cycle test simulates the performance of LED lighting fixtures under alternating changes in different temperature environments. During the actual use of lighting fixtures, they may experience temperature changes from cold to hot. Such temperature cycles may affect the electrical performance and structure of the fixtures, so this test is very necessary.
Test objects and standards
The test objects are finished lighting fixtures containing LED drivers, and the tests are carried out with reference to industry experience standards. Industry experience provides parameters such as a reasonable temperature range and change rate for the temperature cycle test.
Test method
1. Equipment and sample preparation: Select a test chamber that can adjust the temperature change rate, and place 5 LED lamps in it. This adjustable test chamber can accurately simulate different temperature change conditions.
2. Lighting operation: Connect the power supply according to the rated input voltage of the LED lamp to make the lamp work normally.
3. Temperature setting and cycling: Set the temperature change range of the test chamber from -10°C to 50°C, and control the temperature change rate to be greater than 1°C/min but less than 5°C/min. Such a temperature change range and rate simulate the temperature changes that the lamp may encounter in different seasons and environments. The test chamber maintains the high and low temperatures for 0.5 hours each and cycles 8 times to fully detect the performance stability of the lamp during the temperature cycling process.
Test requirements
After the temperature cycle test, the lamp shall not have electrical leakage or fail to light up in terms of electrical performance. Frequent temperature changes may cause problems such as loose wiring connections inside the lamp and degraded performance of electronic components. This test can ensure that the lamp can still work normally in a temperature cycle environment.
V. Constant humidity and heat test
Test overview
The constant damp heat test is used to evaluate the performance and reliability of LED lighting fixtures in a constant environment of high temperature and high humidity. A high - humidity environment may cause problems such as a decrease in the electrical insulation performance of the lighting fixtures and corrosion of materials due to moisture absorption. Therefore, this test is crucial for ensuring the normal use of lighting fixtures in a humid environment.
Test objects and standards
The test objects are finished lighting fixtures containing LED Drivers, and the tests are carried out with reference to the industry experience standards. The industry experience provides suitable humidity and temperature parameters for the constant damp-heat test.
Test method
1. Environmental setup: Use a constant temperature and humidity chamber and set it to a relative humidity of 95% and a temperature of 45°C. This high-temperature and high-humidity environment simulates the usage conditions of the lamps in humid and hot regions or specific places. Place 5 types of LED lamps in the chamber.
2. Lighting test: Connect the power supply according to the rated input voltage of the LED lamp, and let the lamp stay lit continuously for 48 hours. During these 48 hours, the lamp operates continuously in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment to detect its performance stability under such harsh conditions.
3. Restoration and inspection: After taking the sample out of the constant temperature and humidity chamber, dry the water droplets on the surface, and then let it recover at normal atmospheric pressure and room temperature for 2 hours. Then conduct a comprehensive inspection of the lamp.
Test requirements
1. Appearance requirements: The appearance of the lamp should be free from rust, cracks or other mechanical damages. High humidity environments may cause the metal parts to rust, and the swelling of materials due to moisture absorption may lead to problems such as cracks, which will affect the appearance and performance of the lamp.
2. Electrical performance requirements: The lamp should not experience electric leakage or fail to light up, and it should be ensured that it can still work normally in a constant temperature and humidity environment.
VI. Vibration test
Test overview
Vibration testing mainly detects the structural integrity and performance stability of LED lighting fixtures when they are subjected to vibration during transportation or use. Lighting fixtures may be subjected to bumpy vibrations during transportation and may also be affected by vibrations in certain special usage scenarios. Therefore, this test can effectively evaluate the anti-vibration ability of the lighting fixtures.
Test objects and standards
The test objects are finished lighting fixtures containing LED drivers, and the tests are conducted with reference to the industry experience standards. The industry experience provides appropriate vibration parameters and test methods for the vibration test.
Test method
1. Sample preparation: Pack 5 LED lamp samples and then place them on the vibration test bench. The packaging can simulate the state of the lamps during actual transportation.
2. Vibration setting: Set the vibration speed of the vibration tester to 300 revolutions per minute and the amplitude to 2.54 centimeters, then start the vibrator. Such vibration parameters simulate the common vibration conditions that the lamp may encounter during transportation.
3. Multi - direction testing: Test the lamp for 30 minutes in each of the three directions (up - down, left - right, and front - back) according to the above - mentioned method. Conduct vibration tests from different directions to comprehensively detect the lamp's anti - vibration ability in all directions.
Test requirements
After the vibration test, the lamp should not experience abnormal phenomena such as parts falling off, structural damage, or the lamp failing to light up. Parts falling off and structural damage will affect the normal use and safety of the lamp, while the lamp failing to light up indicates that the circuit or light source of the lamp has been damaged during the vibration process.
VII. Life test
Test overview
Life test is one of the core test items for evaluating the quality and performance of LED lighting fixtures. Through long - term testing and data recording, the service life of the lighting fixtures can be accurately evaluated, providing important reference for consumers and manufacturers.
Test objects and standards
The test objects are finished lighting fixtures containing LED Drivers, and the tests are carried out with reference to the industry experience standards. Industry experience provides reasonable test methods and evaluation criteria for the life test.
Test method
1. Initial test: Test the initial luminous flux, power, color temperature and other parameters of 5 LED lamps at a room temperature of 25°C according to the rated input. These initial parameters are the basis for subsequent comparison and can accurately reflect the performance of the lamps in the initial state.
2. Lighting test: After the initial test is completed, place these samples in an environment with a room temperature of 25°C, connect the power supply according to the rated input voltage to light the lamps, and let the lamps work continuously.
3. Preliminary testing: In the first three months, test these samples every 10 days under the same environment and conditions as the initial test. Record the data such as luminous flux, power, and color temperature obtained from the tests, and compare them with the initial parameters. Through frequent testing and comparison, early changes in the performance of the lamps can be detected in a timely manner.
4. Late-stage testing: After the testing has been carried out for three months, adjust the testing interval to conduct parameter testing once a month. Also record the data and compare it with the initial values. As the testing time extends, appropriately adjust the testing interval to ensure the validity of the data and improve the testing efficiency.
Test requirements
1. Calculation of average lifespan: In the lifespan test, when the luminous flux of the lamp decays to 70% of its initial luminous flux, the time at this moment is the lifespan of the sample. By calculating the average value of the lifespans of all samples, the average lifespan of the LED lamp can be obtained. The average lifespan is an important indicator for evaluating the overall quality and performance of the lamp.
2. Absolute lifespan determination: If the LED sample fails to light up during the testing process, the time at that moment is its absolute lifespan. The absolute lifespan reflects the service life of the lighting fixture under extreme conditions.